January 1 Viscount Doncaster, returned from his embassy to Germany, has an audience with the King and informs him of the condition of the King-elect of Bohemia and of the Emperor.
The Marquess of Buckingham is given a coronet by the Chancellor as a New Year’s gift.
A book by the King about royal inauguration has been published.
5 Lionel Cranfield has been taken onto the Privy Council.
6 Baron von Donau, ambasaddor from the King-elect of Bohemia, has a private audience with the King.
Consultation about monetary matters, concerning reducing gold and silver coinage to equivalent value, not without incurring the King’s grave displeasure, who was even more distressed because Johnson and Doubleday were not punctually present with their accounts.
8 I received a letter from Dudley Carleton, Ambassador to the United Provinces, about ambitious contention between our military men in Holland, about which matter I consulted with the Earl of Arundel.
11 Though the weather was snowy, the King has set out from London, after a marriage was contracted, as it is reported, between the Marquess of Buckingham and the daughter of Francis Earl of Rutland and Frances Knyvett, the widow of Beville of Cornwall.
18 Mary Seymour, widow of, wife of Peyton (now involved in the Venetian war), sister of Edward Earl of Hertfordshire, was buried at night in the Collegiate Church at Westminster, with a great throng of noblemen in attendance.
Anne, daughter of Thomas Dennis of the County of Devonshire died, buried at the Savoy.
New commissioners have been appointed for the office of the Treasurer, George Calvert as Secretary and Lionel Cranfield, the Master of the Rolls having been removed.
The King is furious at the Earl of Suffolk, the ex-Treasurer, since it was found out that he had signed over all his goods to his father-in-law the Earl of Salisbury and to his brother William Howard.
William Bingley is removed from his position as Remembrancer to the Treasurer, and in his place is substituted Robert Pye, servant of the Countess of Buckingham.
22 Francis Bacon, the Chancellor of England, is celebrating his 59th birthday.
The Earl of Worchester, who recently handed the King a document about glass-making, is bidden to sit in the Court of Requests with the Masters of Requests, as if it were unbecoming that such a magistrate not have a place in the judiciary, as he had recently said to Northampton.
28 In the Star Chamber Thomas Lake read out an acknowledgement of the slanders by which he had done damage to the Countess of Exeter. This acknowledgment or act of submission was devised by the Chancellor, Chief Justices, and Attorney General, and read out in public by Thomas Lake. In this, for the defense and support of Lady Roos his daughter, he acknowledged that the sentence handed down against him on the preceding February 13th, was just, because his fault was disgraceful, hateful, and scandalous to the said Countess. But he was misled by his great credulilty, indulgence, and ignorance. Furthermore he acknowledged that he had erred in incarcerating Luke Hutton and George Williams out of self-interest, and professed that it grieved him to his heart to have defended such a disgraceful, hateful, and scandalous case. Begging the Countess’ forgiveness, he sincerely petitioned the Lords to intercede with the King for favor and mercy.
The Earl of Suffolk is received into some degree of favor with the King, and with his son.
February 1 Sir Robert Krt of Ancre killed Charles Maxewell, a young hothead, in single combat at Newmarket. The quarrel arose over the Princes’ favorites Luines and Buckingham.
The sun shone bright on the Feast of Mary’s Purification, and bitter cold followed.
The King is demanding that an inquest be held concerning the assets, possessions, and debts of the Earl of Suffolk, that he may see whether he is able to pay his fine.
The children of the Earl of Suffolk are taken into the royal favor.
The King commands his Privy Councellors to deliberate how to raise money to clear his debts.
7 The Earl of Worcester, Keeper of the Privy Seal, is sitting in the Court of Requests.
10 James, firstborn son of Baron Walden, is baptized at Audley End; his godparents are the King (the Duke of Lennox serving as proxy), Suffolk himself, and the Countess of Salisbury.
15 Suffolk and his wife return to London.
Bitter cold and snow.
21 Thomas Holcroft perished from a headlong fall.
22 Peacock of Cambridge, who had claimed he had employed magical tricks to sway the King’s mind from sound judgement in the case of Thomas Lake, is put to torture in the Tower of London. Some pronounced him a madman, others an impostor.
29 The King returned to Westminster.
March 1The Bishop of Winchester preached a sermon before the King.
4 I saw Waldon functioning as Master of Noble Pensioners.
George Coppin died, who was succeeded as Crown Clerk by Thomas Edmonds, Treasurer of the Royal Household.
The Prince exercises himself with jousting.
Marquess Hamilton is admitted as a Gentleman of the Bedchamber.
5 Baron Roos, the sole son of the Earl of Rutland, dies, buried at night at Westminster.
The Prince invites the Peers to a banquet and a play at Somerset House.
On the same day the Count de Gondomar, Ambassador of the Catholic King, lands at Dover.
6 He is entertained by the Lord Mayor of Canterbury, and then by the Earl of Dorset.
8 He lands at the Tower of London and is escorted through the city to Ely House.
10 Beating a drum through the streats, Andrew Grey recruits soldiers for defence of the Palatine Elector.
The Heralds convened in the presence of the Delegates about the Prince’s joust and the boldness of Charleton and Compton Holland.
The King returned to Westminster.
Mistress Lake is freed from the Tower because of her ill health, under the condition that at the beginning of term she be returned unless she has made her submission.
12 Martin Fotherby, Bishop of Salisbury, died, who had been consecrated on April 19, 1618.
While the Count de Gondomar, the Spanish Ambassador, was paying his visit to the King at Whitehall, the railings next to the door of the Great Hall broke under the weight of the multitude, and collapsed together with the Earl of Arundel, Baron Grey, and Baron Gerard, but they were unharmed. The Ambassador himself was steadied by a guard standing nearby, and avoided danger.
13 He visited the King again, and after a lengthy conversation, visited the Prince.
14 The King went to Hampton Court.
15 I was called as a witness in the case between the Fenwicks and Foster.
24 Jousting in honor of the anniversary of King James’ accession, in which Prince Charles won every honor by running twelve courses. I, befeathered and laden down with white, blue, and green scarves so that I could not recognize myself, led the way. The parade included very handsome troops of musketeers and halbardiers, the Justices, the Earl of Leicester, Viscount Doncaster, Baron North, Henry Carey the Comproller, and Fulke Greville.
26 With great pomp the King went in procession from Westminster Palace to St. Paul, together with the Bishops and the Peers of the realm. At Temple Bar the Lord Mayor of London and Aldermen received him. Robert Heath the Recorder congratulated him on his entry into the City. Then on the north side, kept within rails the Guilds of the citizens stood in order with their banners all the way to St. Paul’s Cathedral, courtiers hanging out of windows.
Neither the younger sons of Earls, nor the Knights of the Privy Council took part in the procession, because they could not agree about precedence. The King was bareheaded.
On the West side, where there is an ancient polished brass column, was placed a chair and cushion, and when he had kneeled before this and risen up, the Dean preached a sermon. Next he went in procession through the middle island of the Cathedral, beneath a canopy, through the choir to the apse next to the tomb of Nicholas Bacon. Whence, after short prayers and hymns, he went to the place which John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, had set up for the hearing of sermons. The Bishop of London preached a sermon about the need for restoring Paul’s. The King returned in the order in which he had come.
April 3 The Duke of Lennox, the Earl of Pembroke, and the Earl of Arundel met at the College of Arms and proposed in what order the Duke of Lennox might make his progress to hold the Court de Vierge, and they agreed that Somerset Herald should not keep his wife in the College of Arms.
5 The King at Hampton Court remitted £1800 owed by the Earl of Nottingham to Queen Elizabeth and himself.
6 The Duke of Lennox, Seneschal of the Royal Household, held the Court de Vierge in Westminster Hall.
6 and 7 It is hailing, intense cold as Saturn passes through the twenth-seventh degree of Gemini, where is the eccentric perigee.
14 On the Day of Our Lord’s Passion the Earl of Oxford and Henry Parker, wasted by excess, invaded Powell’s house at St. Giles in the deep of night, where Lady roos was staying, to rape her, but they were apprehended by the watch and severely fined.
Newell is installed as Prebend in place of Cuthbert Bellot.
18 The Prince and the Marquesses of Buckingham and Hamilton jousted at Westminster, and the Prince bore off the palm by running twelve courses, in the judgement of the crowd and of the Earl of Arundel, the Viscount of Doncaster, Baron Sheffield, and Henry Carey the Comptroller, who sat as umpires.
19. The Earl of Pembroke’s son is baptized at Baynard’s Castle, with the godparents being the absent king (per the Earl of Montgomery), Marquess Hamilton, and the little boy’s grandmother.
Prince Charles assigned annual pensions of £100 to eighteen of his servants, of whom no more than were English. Dallington was neglected at this time.
22 News of Marshal Fels, the King of Bohemia’s Master of the Camp, being routed and killed by the Poles under Boiscot.
A letter was sent by the Electors of the Church, Saxony, Bavaria, and Landgraf *** to Frederick King of Bohemia, that he should resign his new kingdom, lest he be compelled to do so in a short time, since Bohemia is a feudal possession of the Empire, whose recognition pertains to the College of Electors, without whose assent Frederick accepted that kingdom. The Orders of Bohemia deny these things, and recognize nothing from the Empire beyond feudal investiture.
The King of Spain appointed the Duke of Parma his general in Flanders.
Spinola is going to make some attack against Jülich.
Meanwhile the King of Spain is striving to prolong the truce with the United Provinces through the intercesion of our King and the King of France.
26 St. George’s Day is observed at Greenwich.
27 The King has imposed a ban of silence on 130 ministers of the Word in Scotland, who refuse to submit themselves to the authority of Bishops, but afterwards he received back them into his favor in the month of June.
May 1 The King entertained the Prince and the others who participated in the jousting at a banquet at Whitehall.
2 The King has given Secretary Calvert an annual pension of 1000£ out of Customs revenue (he was made Secretary on February 15, 1619). This was my birthday, but I was quite ill and unable to go to Court, even though I was summoned in connection with the dispute between the younger sons of Earls and the Knights on the Privy Council. I was wholly at liberty for God and divine meditations.
15 Proclamation about recalling Roger North, who set sail with royal authority for establishing a colony near the Amazon River.
Thomas Lake kisses the royal hand. His wife is remanded to the Tower, because she stubbornly refuses to make her submission.
16 The Marquess of Buckingham marries Catherine, daughter and heir of Francis, Earl of Rutland, in a private ceremony at Lumley House.
Lady Carleton arrives in England from Holland.
The servant Treswell informs me of the Heralds’ petition against York and himself, as if they are making mischief of everything.
17 Frederick Henry is declared his father’s successor in the kingdom of Bohemia.
It thrice thundered and flashed lightning.
20 The Ambassador of the united Princes of Germany appointed today as the time the King must reply what he will do on behalf of his son-in-law the King of Bohemia.
Baron North is clapped in the Fleet, because he was responsible for his brother Roger’s over-hasty voyage to the Amazon River.
News is conformed of the interception of four Englishs ships by the Dutch in East India, together with a large amount of wares and many Englishmen slain.
Dennis O’Righan died, and confessed that he had falsely accused John Perrot, Viceroy of Ireland, having been bribed by others.
Henry of Nassau, Governor of Frisia, dies without issue of apoplexy at Leeuwarden.
26 I set out for London, where at Court I was present at the dispute between Dudley Diggs and Sir John Manwood. But he was consigned to prison by the Duke of Lennox, the Chamberlain, and the Earl of Arundel because he had drunkenly said that Dudley did not dare fight, but afterwards he was let loose.
On the same diay died Lady Harington, daugher of *** Kelway, widow of John Baron Harington, who died in 1613 in Germany.
27 I dictated a submission to be exhibited to the Delegates on behalf of the Marshal’s office in the case between him and Dudley Diggs.
The King appointed the Marquess of Buckingham Lieutenant of Kent after the resignation of Baron Wotton, and with the King’s consent he soon transferred this office to the Duke of Lennox.
Viscount Purbeck, his wife, and his sister Lady Fielding have gone off to Spa, perhaps to conceal the lunacy of their arrogance.
Hunt, Prebend of Canterbury, was made Dean of Durham, with Adam Newton tending his resignation for a fee.
June *** Overleaping a wall at Theobalds, the Prince’s foot slipped and he seriously injured his forehead and nose, not without risk to his life.
4 The King observed Pentacost at Greenwich, and participated in the Eucharist, with the Bishop of Winchester administering the Sacrament and preaching the first sermon, and with the Bishop of Lincoln in the royal presence. Court was quite empty. Esmé [Stuart] of Aubigny, whom the King had lately created Earl of March and endowed with much money, was in a snit because the King had not repaid his expenses (I shall not say that he began to repay favor with hatred).
5 The Earl of Pembroke’s son, born March 10, died.
William Maynard, Baronet, Bentley, Foliot, and Gorges procured their creation as Irish Barons.[Maynard Baron Wicklow, Gorges Baron Dundalk, Harvey Baron Roos], perhaps out of an ambition that they might take precedence over the elder sons of Viscounts and the younger sons of Earls.
10 Aluered, once the scribe of Lord Ever, the Governor of Wales, showed the Marquess of Buckingham a well-written tract against the marriage of Prince Charles with the Infanta of Spain, for which reason the indignant King clapped him in prison.
The Duke of Lennox, Marquess Hamilton, Marquess Buckingham, his wife, and mother, the Countess of Arundel, and Thomas Compton dined at the home of the elder Lord Walsingham at Chesilhurst.
11 After Evensong on Trinity Sunday the King betook himself to Westminster.
Dominus Goodwin, Dean of Christ Church, Oxford, and Dominus Budden, Regius Professor of Law there, have died.
Corbet Doctor of Theology is elected Dean of Christ Church.
Horatio Vere is designated General of the army to be sent to the Palatinate, with Edward Cecil, who had previously been designated, being shunted aside.
By the sound of the drum, volunteers are being collected throughout the city for the Bohemian war, under the ensigns of the Earls of Oxford and Essex, John Wentworth, etc. For Edward Sackville and the Lord de l’Isle have forsworn this campaign out of I know not what dissension.
19 The King celebrates his birthday at Windsor, and comes to Wansted.
Mars, Saturn, Venus, and Luna. Clouds at noon.
23 The Bishop-elect of Salisbury, certain courtiers, Lady Smith, and Lady Walsingham dine at my house.
26 The King visited Thomas Watson at Hawstead with the intention of hunting, but the day was quite rainy. He hunted nevertheless. He had in his company the Prince, the Duke of Lennox, Viscount Fenton, Baron Dacre, and others.
29 On St. Peter’s Day the King heard for the last time the cause about praerogative honor or precedence between the younger sons of Earls and Knights on the Privy Council, and ruled in favor of the younger sons of Earls.
The Attorney General is suspended from office.
July *** Whitlock was made Sergeant at Law and Justice of Chester, Chamberlain having been made Justice on the Royal Bench.
I participated in the election at Westminster.
Thomas Marbury died.
9 Robert Tolston is consecrated Bishop of Salisbury at Lambeth. The Bishops of Lincoln, Rochester, and Chester laid on hands. Dominus Davenant preached the sermon.
10 Horatio Vere went to Theobalds to bid the King farewell, as now he is on the point of sailing to Germany with four thousand infantry to defend the Palatinate.
15 St. Swithin’s day is without rain, with the Ass and the Stall rising in the heaven, but it is cloudy and rather chilly, Saturn being in Gemini in the eccentric perigee.
17 Proclamation about putting up buildings within a mile of London.
18 The King begins his progress.
The fine imposed on Suffolk is reduced to 7000£, to be paid to Haddington, and Thomas Monson kisses the King’s hand.
20 Lightning and thunder at night.
The Archibishop of Canterbury departs towards Canterbury.
Bad news brought about the losses inflicted on the English by the Dutch in East India, with Jordan, the head merchant, killed, and Sir Thomas Gates dead.
22 General Vere, the Earls of Oxford and Essex, and others set sail from Gravesend.
The Delegates for the restoring of St. Paul’s Cathedral have decreed that the buildings to its east and west are to be pulled down before August 1.
August Catherine Countess of Huntingdon, widow of Henry Earl of Hundingdon, daughter of John Duke of Northumberland, died without issue in the middle of August. She is buried at night at Chelsea, next to her grandmother.
Robert Mansell set sail from the Port of London with royal ships and Londoners against the Mohammedan pirates who are wonderously infesting the Mediterannean.
9 A boy was born to Edward Bointell.
12 Gusty winds and rain squalls. I dined with the Bishop of Rochester, Richard Mith, at Brumley.
13 It did not rain at the morning setting of the Dolphin, so see if it rains at Arcturus’ rising on September 12.
15 Five pounds for the certification of Savage’s arms, which are to be sent to Spain. St. Bartholomew’s day was rainy.
28 News that Spinola has settled in the Palatinate with his army, and decided that the war will be fought in that area.
29 The Archbishop of Canterbury is entertained at Dover by Lord Zouch, the Governor of the harbor, with festive joy, salvoes of artillery, and skyrockets.
Lewis Stukley, who betrayed Ralegh, has in some manner died mad.
September 2 A south by southwest wind rages, with hail, nor can Robert Mansell set sail from the Thames mouth with his fleet.
4 He set sail and is stopping at the Downs.
5 He dined with Dudley Digges, and on the 6th hastened to Court, possibly because he is inadequately outfitted with sailors and supplies.
The King is furious at the Earl of Worchester, discovering that his daughter has been sent to Brussels to become a nun.
Tilenus, a great theologian, arrives in England and publishes a book against the Scots zealots of the Genevan sect.
Hotman’s son comes with him into England.
News that Spinola has captured Openheim, Christac, and Aslac in the Palatinate, and has thrown up fortifications next to Mainz.
14 Chapman’s funeral.
Robert, son of Robert Digby, has been made Lord Geashill.
The sailors and soldiers are loudly complaining that the victuals of the Fleet have grown rotten.
Richard Boyle, Baron Boyle of Youghal in Ireland, is created Earl of Cork and Viscount Dungarvon, with marriages arranged between his son and the daughter of Edward Villiers, and between Boyle’s daughter with Villier’s son and heir.
27 Symon’s funeral.
Lech, Baron Carew’s secretary, committed suicide.
Henry Radcliff, firstborn son of Robert Earl of Sussex, who married the daughter of Michael Stanhope, died without issue.
Thomas Lake breakes his arm, struck by a vehicle.
On the last day of the month the King came to Westminster, inspected the new fabric, and after dinner hastened to Theobalds.
October *** A proposal was made that each Earl contribute 1000£, each Baron 400£, each Baronet, and each Knight towards the defence of the Palatinate against Spinola, the Emperor’s General in those parts.
5 Torrential rain with hail.
8 News that Spinola has siezed Bagrac, Bing, and Clut. When the Spanish Ambassador is somewhat reproached before the King for having intimated that Spinola had no designs on the Palatinate with his army, in a letter sent the Ambassador the Marquess of Buckingham acknowledged that neither the Ambassador nor the King of Spaine nor Archduke had dissimulated with the King in this matter, but each one had professed that he was going to wage war in the Palatinate.
It is requested of the officials in the Chancellery and Exchequer, of the judges and of Professors of the law, and other wealthy men, that they contribute subsidy money in aid of the Palaltine Elector.
A little while while later the King declares in another letter to him [the Spanish Ambassador] that in no way does he approve of the Emperor’s abdication and the Bohemians’ election of the Palatine Elector, when he considers his conscience, his honor, and how dangerous an example this should set for all sovereigns, and in particular for the King of the Danes.
25 The Palatine Elector is defeated, and Prague captured.
News is brought of Dampierre being killed by the Hungarians.
Henriy Carville of St. Mary’s is summoned, accused that he contributed money to give assistance against the Elector of the Rhine. Hence the Spanish Ambassador is lodging a complaint with Secretary Naunton.
The King arrives late at Westminster on All Saints’ Day, and so does not attend Evensong.
November 1 On All Saints’ Day he attends morning service, makes offering, and touches the scrofulous. But no sermon is preached.
5 He observes the anniversary of the Gunpowder Plot at Theobalds, and Viscounts are named.
7 It is announced that Parliament is to open on January 16.
8 The Attorney is finally brought to the Star Chamber, and his advocates and he himself acknowledge that he has erred out of ignorance, negligence, and ready gullibility, not out of corruption or malicious intent.
9 William Cavendish, son of Charles Cavendish, created Viscount Mansfield by the presentation of letters patent, with no investiture.
10 [The Attorney] is punished with a fine of four thousand, removal from office, and incarceration in the Tower of London at the King’s pleasure.
The Earl of Essex, the Earl of Oxford, Baron Gerard, Edward Sackville, Treasurer Heydon, and the English army return to England.
16 Dudley Digges and Morris Abbot are sent to Holland to recover goods of the English intercepted in East India. Rowland Wood, who bade me farewell today, is appointed their secretary.
Funeral of William Sebright.
Misty night.
When Mistress Lake was to be brought to the Star Chamber to acknowledge her offence against the Countess of Essex, she wrote a letter to her derogatory to the kingdom’s justice, and, quoting verses from Psalm 136, summoned the Countess to Divine Judgement, and hence is committed to the Tower.
21 The Earl of Bridgewater, to purify his chapel at the Barbican at London, which had been polluted by the saying of Masses, decided it ought to be consecrated de novo, and obtained permission of the ailing Bishop of London that the Bishop of Llandaff be delegated to consecrate it, which was done according to the rite. John Williams, Dean of Westminster, preached a sermon, and the choristers of Westminster were present.
A book appears entitled Vox Populi.
It has been proposed by the Privy Councellors that the nobles who have contributed money to defending the Palatinate should not be oppressed with a new contribution, and that each man be asked to contribute towards its subsidy just as much as he is able to ply. But these proposals were scarcely pleasing to the King.
29 News is brought that the Palatine Elector was routed and driven into Silesia. Prague has been captured by the Duke of Bavaria and Bucquoy, and the Elector’s supporters driven from the city.
These things from letters of the Duke of Bavaria and the Elector of Maintz, printed at Brussels.
Gainsford is imprisoned for the book Vox Populi.
Randolph MacSurley, who has already been made Viscount Dunluce (namely in 1617) is now created Earl Antrim.
Oliver St. John the Viceroy [of Ireland] is designated Viscount Grandison.
December 3 Henry Montagu, Chief Justice of the Royal Bench, becomes Treasurer of England, the staff handed over at Newmarket.
Icy.
The King, who provided their wealth, writes to the Councellors of the people of Scotland that they treat with the more wealthy Scots about contributing money to the defence of the Palatinate.
4 The rabble riots against the Spanish Ambassador’s servants because of some words that slipped from the Spanish King about the rout of the King of Bohemia, so much so that the Chancellor ordered 300 men to stand guard around the Ambassador’s house, under command of Lewis Lewkenor and Henry Spiller.
It is reported that Father Masters, who lately quit England for Rome, had conference with the Countess of Arundel at Padua, and went with her to Rome, and so the King is said to be annoyed.
The King confers on the Treasurer the titles and honors of Baron Kimbolton and Viscount Mandeville, perhaps because Kimbolton was once the family seat of the Mandeville from Normandy.
It is reported that in the fearful flight of the King of Bohemia towards Bratislava, his waggons were overtaken by the pursuing enemy, and in these were discovered the crown of the King of Bohemia and other regalia, and that he now intends to go to Presburg to confer with Bethlen Gabor.
13 I wrote to Peter Puteanus.
14 The new Treasurer came to the Exchequer, accompanied by Fulke Greville the Vice-Chancellor, where in the presence of the Chancellor he took his oath to administer the office of Treasurer faithfully. The Chancellor admonished him to make Treasurer Burghley and Nicholas Bacon, Keeper of the Great Seal, his examples.
The Attorney General, even if imprisoned, is elected a citizen of the town of Northampton by its Puritan citizenry.
The King granted permission to the United Provinces for the transport of 100 pieces of artillery with accompanying equipment, and the same number to the Spanish Ambassador, not without muttering of the multitude.
20,000£ is asked of the Londoners. They cheerfully pay 10,000£, to be collected from among the guilds.
It is announced that Robert Mansfield has unsuccessfully fought against the Turkish pirates.
Mistress Lake is freed from prison, under I know not what conditions.
23 The King came to Westminster. He did not attend Chapel, being hindered by gout.
On Christmas the Peers partaken of the Eucharist in the Chapel, and he himself and the Prince in the Private Chapel. Meanhile the Dean of the Chapel preached a sermon there.
The Scots Dean of Ross died.
Edward Villiers is designated Ambaasador to Bohemia. He departed January 2.
Cadenet, Marshall of France, brother of the Duc du Luines the favorite, arrived at London with a huge retinue of noblemen, received on the river at Somerset House. At his advent the workshops at Westminster are removed. On Sunday, being driven through the streets with his people in carriages, he came to the Upper House of Parliament. Afterwards he held private converse with the King.
Paddocks is created, Viscount Fielding and Baron of Newnham, Henry Clay Viscount Falkland and Baron. Likewise Grey of Northumberland Viscount in Scotland is appointed Constable of Flamborough. In Ireland, too, Fitzwilliams was created Baron of Lifford, *** Wilmott Viscount, and Caulfield Baron Charlemont.
Roger North, receiving from the Dutch the message that the King had recalled him by a published proclamation, voluntarily returned and is committed to the Tower of London.

Условия копирования

Разрешается использование материалов сайта в своих работах и публикациях в некоммерческих целях. Можно ссылаться на данный сайт в качестве официального источника. Обязательным условием является сохранение авторских прав и установка ссылки на оригинал

Опубликовать

Для публикации своих научных статей и материалов на данном сайте, перейдите по ссылке